Understanding Political Cartoons
Understanding Political Cartoons
Introduction:
Political or editorial cartoons are found on the editorial pages ofmost major newspapers. Unlike the news sections of the paper, which carry stories based on fact, the editorial section gives writers, editors and political cartoonists a chance to directly voice or express their opinions and beliefs. Political cartoons do in pictures what editorials do in words!
What is a political cartoon?
Political cartoons offer a quick, visual summary of contemporary issue. They frequently make you laugh but are often examples of "black humor" since the issues usually have a serious theme to them. Political cartoons are not always easy to understand. Often, some thought and insight is required. The following characteristics are typical of most political cartoons:
Characteristics:
1. They refer to an important issue: the environment, election campaign issues, nuclear disarmament, etc.
2. They often use satire (ridicule, sarcasm).
3. They often use humor and exaggeration (especially facial features).
Identify "Point of View"
Keep in mind that the political cartoonist is offering his or her opinion and is not worried about being fair and balanced! You must understand the basic issue before you are able to appreciate the full meaning of a political cartoon. Once yu are aware of the facts the cartoon takes over and completes the picture.
Caution!
Remember not to confuse cartoons with comic strips. Also avoid any picture with the word "illustration" below it; it is not a cartoon and its only purpose is to illustrate a particular news article with a visual effect.
History:
The political cartoon first became widely used in the mid-1800's by newspaper reporters and editors who wanted to attract attention to some corrupt polititians and businessmen of this time. One of the most dishonest politicians was William "Boss" Tweed, who did not worry about news stories that criticized his policies since most of the people in his district were illiterate. He did, however, hate "those darn cartoons".
Thomas Nast:
One of the most famous of the early cartoonists was Thomas Nast. It was his cartoons which showed Tweed as a bag of money or a vulture. Nast's cartoons helped to expose the corruption of the Tweed Ring in NYC and eventually forced them from power. He was also responsible for using the symbols of the donkey and elephant to represent the Democratic ad Republican Parties.
Websites available on the history of political cartoons:
A Brief History of Political Cartoons:
http://xroads.virginia.edu/~MA96/PUCK/part1.html
Herblock's History of Political Cartoons: